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The influence of mother tongue on learning foreign languages
Kimličková, Lenka ; Langerová, Petra (referee) ; Smutný, Milan (advisor)
Tato práce se zabívá tématem přivlastňování si cizího jazyka a vztahem mezi mateřským a cizím jazykem. Objasňuje základní pojmy, například přivlastňování si jazyk, kontrastní analýza a jazykový transfer. Zdůrazňuje význam přivlastňování si mateřského jazyka a vysvětluje teorie přivlastňování si jazyků. Poskytuje čtenáři příklady nejčastějších chyb, které se vyskytují při učení jazyků. Kromě tohohle pojednává také o nejrůznějších faktorech, mezi které patří věk nebo motivace a jejich vliv na učení jazyků.
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Contrastive analysis of modifier particles in Czech and in Spanish
TANZEROVÁ, Jaroslava
This thesis deals with the contrastive analysis of modifier particles in Czech and Spanish, with regard to their potential function as focusing adverbs. It's focused on the words and expressions, which are used in texts translated from Czech to Spanish to express the meaning of Czech modifier particles. The work consists of two main parts. In the theoretical part of the thesis, there are presented different types of word classes. These words and expressions are classified into these different word classes according to different Czech and Spanish grammar books. Another part of this thesis deals with the topic of Functional sentence perspective and the focusing particles from the perspective of both Czech and Spanish linguists. The analytical part is focused on the contrastive analysis of texts translated from Czech to Spanish, in which there was used the Czech modifier particle in the original text. This contrastive analysis is base on the data obtained from the parallel corpus InterCorp.
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Contrastive analysis of particles with unclear rhematizing function in Czech and in Spanish
KUBALÁKOVÁ, Barbora
The aim of this diploma thesis is a contrastive analysis of Particles with unclear rhematizing function in the Czech and in the Spanish language. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part, we deal with the definition of Particles in relation to their semantic features and functions, and then we focus primarily on the use of the Particles with unclear rhematizing function in sentence structures. After the theoretical part, based on specialized literature, corpus analysis follows involving research with the help of the Czech parallel corpus InterCorp. The objective of this research is to determine the function of these expressions in various types of Czech and Spanish texts. All findings are summarized in graphs, which are followed by an analysis of particular expressions. The thesis is written in the Czech language and includes a summary in Spanish.
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Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalents
Vavroušová, Petra ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
The purpose of this thesis was to analyse the Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalents. The thesis is divided into two parts: the theoretical one and the empirical one. We mainly drew from Spanish grammar books and Czech linguistic works. The gerund and its translation equivalents were compiled from the parallel Czech-Spanish corpus InterCorp. The excerpts were analysed from the linguistic point of view in order to provide a contrastive description of the Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalent expressions. The objective of the study was to describe the different types of Czech translation equivalents and their frequency. The results of the study also reveal that translation of the Spanish gerund into Czech is closely related to the conversion of the analytic language structure into the syntactic one. Therefore, some of the specific characteristics of translation of the gerund into Czech might be assigned to the concurrence of two typologically different languages.
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On Professional Text Translation
Pémová, Petra ; Oganesjanová, Danuše (advisor) ; Rubáš, Stanislav (referee)
(in English): The work in this diploma contains the special syntactic structural features of Russian and Czech historical and political science texts. The author of the work takes as a theoretical starting point the principle that Russian scientific texts use more condensed forms of expression than Czech scientific texts, and uses evidence in this diploma to verify the truth of this principle. Quantitative research was carried out to test this theory via examination of Czech and Russian historical and political science texts in both original and translated forms. The original criteria for the choice of texts used was thematic closeness, time period of text creation and a minimum length of 5,000 words. This criteria was later expanded to 7,000 words for original texts and 9,000 words for original texts and their translations. In addition to this a translation analysis was carried out concerning condensation devices, expression dynamics and the implicitness and explicitness of the text. The contrastive analysis of applied condensation devices of Czech and Russian texts adheres to the classification framework of Czech linguist Milan Jelinek. The results of the author's analysis confirm that Russian political science and historical texts reach higher predicative tightness of expression and use more...
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Nominal-verb bonds and the possibilities of their translation into Czech
Pálková, Ivana ; Šemelík, Martin (advisor) ; Hejhalová, Věra (referee)
The aim of the presented research is to compare description of light verbs and light verb construction in selected grammar books of contemporary German and other resources. The research also focuses on analysis of examples demonstrating German durative light verb constructions and their equivalents in Czech language taking the parallel corpus InterCorp as a basis for this bachelor thesis. The main emphasis is put on translation possibilities of these language structures into Czech and their potential systematisation. In the conclusion of the thesis, the position of these constructions in contemporary German language is summarized and concrete improvements for their description in accessible resources including grammar books and dictionaries are proposed. Key words: contemporary German, light verbs, light verb constructions, corpus analysis, contrastive analysis
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Problems of translation of proper nouns - contrastive analysis
BLÁHOVÁ, Kateřina
The subject of this thesis is the problem with the translation of given names. The aim of this paper is to look at the most commonly used translation process based on the analyzed names. The work is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I will discuss proper ames and nouns from the perspectives of Czech ans Spanish grammar, and elaborate further into the widely used types of translation. I have chosen specific names for the practical analysis myself. In conclusion, the findings are analysed and based on the evaluation conclyded. The work is written in Czech language.
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The influence of mother tongue on learning foreign languages
Kimličková, Lenka ; Langerová, Petra (referee) ; Smutný, Milan (advisor)
Tato práce se zabívá tématem přivlastňování si cizího jazyka a vztahem mezi mateřským a cizím jazykem. Objasňuje základní pojmy, například přivlastňování si jazyk, kontrastní analýza a jazykový transfer. Zdůrazňuje význam přivlastňování si mateřského jazyka a vysvětluje teorie přivlastňování si jazyků. Poskytuje čtenáři příklady nejčastějších chyb, které se vyskytují při učení jazyků. Kromě tohohle pojednává také o nejrůznějších faktorech, mezi které patří věk nebo motivace a jejich vliv na učení jazyků.
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Passive in Legal language in German and Czech. Contrastive analysis
Pekárková, Ludmila ; Zeman, Dalibor (advisor) ; Martschini, Elisabeth (referee)
The presented diploma thesis is concerned with German-Czech comparison of the passive voice in legal language. In the theoretical part, the issue of German and Czech passive voice is explained through technical secondary literature. One can find there their basic forms differentiation, the way of their formation, their use in sentences and other basic characteristics. Furthermore, this part introduces the issue of technical language as the current area of today's linguistics. The theoretical findings are employed in the practical part, namely on the Maastricht contract. Firstly, the passive of the German variant of the document is analyzed followed by the analysis of the Czech version. Both of these parts are the starting point of the contrasting exploration of the two language varieties of the mentioned legal document. Czech alternatives to their German passive voice constructions were found, following these three criteria: substitution of German passive voice by Czech active voice, semantic dissonance between the two variants, and the absence of certain passive constructions in the Czech contract. At the end of the thesis, there is an evaluation of the following four hypotheses which were stated at the beginning. The first three hypotheses, which are concerned with matters such as the superiority...
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Teaching English of Deaf and Hard-of-hearing University Students
Doležalová, Marie ; Janáková, Daniela (advisor) ; Píšová, Michaela (referee) ; Machová, Pavla (referee)
This dissertation titled Teaching English to Deaf and Hard-of-hearing University Students aims to portray a picture of the situation of teaching English to university students, more specifically of those studying at Charles University in Prague. The work is divided into two main parts. The first part brings general insight, also from linguistic perspective, into language competences and language acquisition by the hearing impaired. It describes variables and possible variables affecting spoken language acquisition by this minority. It gives basic overview of different levels of hearing loss on the grouds of medicine assessment of hearing loss. The dissertiation stresses out the neccessity of educating these students with respect to linguistic research and findings. Moreover, it emphasizes the needs to interweave linguistics and pedagogy and benefits of linguistics research and methods such as error analysis and contrastive analysis for enhancement of language productive skills of hearing impaired students. The second part of the dissertation is devoted to the research of English language teaching to hearing impaired students at Charles University in Prague. The work summarizes the findings of five-year long research carried out at the Language Resource Centre, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in...
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